Which concept is provided by an external organization to ensure professional standards for security practitioners?

• A. Accreditation
• B. Certification
• C. Licencing
• D. Registration

Answer: (C)

Licencing is the process by which an external authority grants permission to practice in security roles, setting and enforcing minimum standards for entry and ongoing practice. This typically comes from a government or regulatory body and often requires meeting educational prerequisites, undergoing background checks, passing exams, and keeping up with renewals. The aim is to protect the public by ensuring practitioners meet legally enforceable standards. Certification, by contrast, is a credential from a professional body that demonstrates competence in specific skills and is usually voluntary; accreditation applies to training programs or organizations, not individuals; and registration is simply being listed with a body and does not itself authorize practice.